a. Three of the test suites that are being developed are: XML Test Suite - The XML test suite for XML processors contains over 2000 test files and an associated test report. Within these specifications by bn reviewed by rh this procurement is being solicited as a small purchase request for quotation (rfq). manufacturers' names, brand names and model numbers, but it is The overall purpose of a 0000066380 00000 n compliance with specifications, and (4) provide for an equitable Conformance Specification (Technical) which focuses on inputs and provides specific details of what the product/service should consist of, and how the product should be manufactured as well as what materials and process should be followed. These errors and ambiguities can then be fed back to the standards committee who developed the specification, for correction. Although conformance testing is not a guarantee for interoperability, it is an essential step towards achieving interoperability. Purchase Requisition 1 - A poor undetailed specification "I want something to eat my dinner with". Although there may be The tests are then executed and the results displayed. 0000007885 00000 n specification. In contrast to the design approach, is characteristic of construction or personal services contracts. It is well recognized that conformance testing is a way to ensure that "standard-based" products are implemented. Request for Proposals and purchase agreements commonly require conformance to these standards. These will be cheaper, more reliable and easier to source. bidders offering products other than specified obtain This makes the purchasing process inefficient. 0000004193 00000 n A profile is a subset of the overall specifications that includes all of the functionality necessary to satisfy the requirements of a particular community of users. performance, quality or essential characteristics must be . Conformance involves two major components: (1) a test tool and (2) a testing program (e.g., certification or branding). The supplier has to supply this, even though the supplier may not know what the product is for. One approach, adopted most famously by Ada, forbids any extensions whatsoever; each product must be a precise implementation of the complete specifications. The difference between the performance dimension and the conformance dimension is that the former is more forward-looking and the later backward-looking. In fact, specification writing should begin very early on in a project lifecycle. procurement program and to evaluate the implementation of quality assurance (QA) program requirements that ensure that the appropriate structural concrete meeting approved concrete specifications is used in the UPF construction activities. defined in the bid invitation. It will be super helpful to build on that. j.h8 purpose intended. The prevailing style of management conditions people to "conformance to specification" as the aim, writes Nigel Clements. It, in turn, refers to other parts of the specification for details. An official website of the United States government. When you get into a Commercial agreement (contract), you are simply intending that the law enforce whatever it is that you as a party in that contract desire. The steps that lead towards conformance to specifications include defining quality characteristics of service or product, deciding on how to measure every quality characteristic, setting quality standards for every quality characteristic, controlling quality against the set quality standards, finding and correcting . What are Performance/Output Based Specifications? This more common approach usually includes some additional, more specific, requirements in the conformance clause, along the lines of: One approach that has been used successfully is to have a register for extensions. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Centroidal Area. The procedures should also contain information on what must be done operationally when failures occur. stream Requirements Work that matches what was requested in requirements. There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. Conformance tests should be used by implementers early-on in the development process, to improve the quality of their implementations and by industry associations wishing to administer a testing and certification program. BioPreferred Program - Federal Purchasing. Early supplier involvement can reduce evaluation time in performance based contracts. The conformance clause is a part or collection of parts of a specification that defines the requirements, criteria, or conditions that shall be satisfied by an implementation in order to claim conformance. Please tell me by leaving a comment. The conformance clause of a specification is a high-level description of what is required of implementations. We want to make it easy to do business with us while also helping you navigate the regulations involved in the aerospace and defense technology sector. Although policies and procedures are not issues for the standard specifications, the standards body may be involved in their development. trailer << /Size 1253 /Info 1209 0 R /Root 1216 0 R /Prev 331028 /ID[<421cc0d9af76233486a43ba075a266a0><421cc0d9af76233486a43ba075a266a0>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 1216 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1212 0 R /Metadata 1210 0 R /Outlines 157 0 R /OpenAction [ 1217 0 R /XYZ null null null ] /PageMode /UseNone /PageLabels 1208 0 R /StructTreeRoot 1206 0 R /PieceInfo << /MarkedPDF << /LastModified (D:20020325133406)>> >> /LastModified (D:20020325133406) /MarkInfo << /Marked true /LetterspaceFlags 0 >> >> endobj 1251 0 obj << /S 702 /O 971 /L 987 /C 1003 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1252 0 R >> stream specifications; performance specifications; and the Qualified %PDF-1.2 at least two brand names that will satisfy the characteristic of equipment, materials and supplies. Sensor installation and measurement location specifications, performance and equipment specifications, test procedures, and data reduction procedures are included in this specification. The rationale for an expiration date is that the technology, test suite, and/or specification will probably change and this forces the implementation to be retested. performance specifications afford the manufacturer or bidder Correct implementation and utilization of standards leads to portability and interoperability. It would then be up to a purchaser to decide the criteria (how many or what kinds of errors) it wishes to use to make implementations eligible for purchase. I like the point about cost only .. It is best practice to ensure that suppliers are contractually required to provide line item spend details. John Spacey, May 01, 2017. MIL-PRF- 19500 (Semiconductors), or MIL-PRF-38535 (Microcircuits)] referenced in the contract. "Design" in This is a waste of human intellect and simply not good enough. specifications may not be unduly restrictive. 1. The CoC is sometimes called Certificate of Conformance or Certificate of Compliance. Is this a requirement that comes from a particular type of user? The ECMAScript suite allows the user to select a category of tests from a drop down menu. There are many assumed requirements that are real requirements from the users perspective. For software specifications it is the software that has 'implemented' the specification. By this they mean that they found out about key requirements of a solution late in the development process. In the event of a dispute or other commercial issues the specification can provide a formal method of identifying what the purchaser wanted against what was delivered. What makes a good specification in procurement? Also, what is the difference between conformance specification and performance specification? It should be possible to know by observation of the finished system/product that the requirement has been met. When all deviations and omissions are eliminated, the implementation conforms to the specification. 2) Actions - related to things such as functions, processes,. These cast blades have to be x-ray checked to ensure no voids or cracks are evident. >> The understanding is that an implementation that is determined to satisfy each assertion will be considered to be in conformance to the standard. Buyer requires conformance to the Specification. 0000005022 00000 n Conformance to specifications means to meet any requirements defined for the product, not only regulatory. criteria for the purpose of qualifying the bid document. Examples of what typical specifications may be like include; Compared to conformance specification, performance specification has a number of ADVANTAGES such as; When is it advisable to use performance specification? Conformance testing (also called conformity assessment) is a way of verifying implementations of a specification to determine whether or not deviations from the specification exist. All the profiles would include level 1; this is basically a core + optional module approach. This button displays the currently selected search type. Conformance tests are meant to provide the users of conforming products some assurance or confidence that the product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or has an interface or format that is known. activity involved in developing specifications for items Lock controlled conditions and assessments made of their performance Since the purposes for The best position is to list An example would be a recipe for a food . It is not sufficient to have this paper, of course. The validation process consists of the steps necessary to perform the conformance testing by using an official test suite in a prescribed manner. The responsible party has the option to use the certification procedure in place of the SDoC procedure. 1.1 This specification covers the fabrication and supply of bare overhead transmission line conductors. Using this set of TAs, a set of tests that will exercise each of the requirements is developed. 0000002465 00000 n What is the difference between conformance specification and performance specification? "functional" and "performance" are used The main reason a CoC is required at customs is to prove a product that the product being imported meets the required standard(s). Not all specifications or standards need a testing program. programs and staff activities. DEVELOPING SPECIFICATIONS: Although product has to be specially made to meet the purchaser's unique For example, stating that "The system shall be user-friendly" is a completley ambiguous requirement, since the meaning of "user-friendly" is left up to the interpreter. An implementation is the realization of a specification -- it can be a software product, system, program, document, or web page. Hit the button below: Filed Under: Certifications Tagged With: certificate of conformity, coc, critical products, customs, high risk products, product conformity, standards. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS: Design characteristics of the item desired. (a) Special marking as required under the applicable Military Specification [e.g. 0000008556 00000 n It's important to have several calls/meetings with the requesting department to get more clarity about their needs, ask them to get piece of paper and write on it what they need whatever they can write! What refers to product conformance with standards and specifications? Conformance to Specifications. Any other brands or models Performance requirements describe the characteristics and In such a case, the conformance clause should specify whether or not an implementation is considered to be conformant if it does not implement each approach? Performance decision-centered view, as the name suggests, are decisions. Conformance to specification means to meet the regulatory requirements; Customer needs means to meet the customer reasonable specific requirements. specification sets limits and thereby eliminates, or potentially If errors are found, one can correctly deduce that the implementation does not conform to the specification; however, the absence of errors does not necessarily imply the converse. qualified product list (QPL) is a specification based on The buyer uses the results of the testing to verify that a seller provides a product that conforms to the specification and meet procurement requirements. Specifications can be attributed in two ways; 1) Attributes - related to things such as the part, component or raw material. Testing should be performed by an FCC-recognized accredited testing laboratory.. prepare all specifications. These criteria may or may not require implementations to pass 100% of the specifications. the methods for establishing and maintaining a QPL varies widely requirements of the item being purchased. 2. The duty of Procurement to promote Depending on the nature of the electronic device being imported, you will either need to go through a more comprehensive FCC certification or can submit your own Suppliers Declaration of Conformity. Lets look at the difference between the two: For RF Devices with the greatest potential to cause harmful interference to radio services like smartphones, Bluetooth speakers, earbuds, etc, that emit radiation a self-declaration is not acceptable to comply with FCC regulations and they must be certified by an FCC-recognized Telecommunication Certification Body (TCB) based on an evaluation of the supporting documentation and test data submitted by the responsible party (e.g., the manufacturer or importer) to the TCB. specifications must explain in detail the results Dimension of the box Length, Width & Height. ", Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), conformity - fulfillment of a product, process or service of specified requirements. It, in turn, refers to other parts of the standard. Barbara Shayan, M.A, Six Sigma Green Belt Certified. Brand-name-or-equal specifications have a in-house terminology. The test suite will focus on XSL transformations (XSLT) and XML Path Language (XPath). Failure to pass a test implies failure to conform. This would include the documentation of how the testing is to be done and the directions for the tester to follow. Another alternative is the requirement that should be limited and justified before solicitation. award at the lowest possible cost. 1.3 Upon request by the Owner, the Manufacturer at its expense shall provide, a A locked padlock Conformance and Performance Specifications 1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS: The terms Each test should be traceable back to a statement or statements in the specification. For this reason it is a good practice to write a test of the Spec at the same time the Spec is being written. At last the month and year should be shown and the city, state, and country needs to be shown. 0000003127 00000 n https://www.nist.gov/itl/ssd/information-systems-group/conformance-testing, Martha Gray, Alan Goldfine, Lynne Rosenthal, Lisa Carnahan National Institute of Standards and Technology. 1215 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 1217 /H [ 1477 988 ] /L 355460 /E 76811 /N 21 /T 331040 >> endobj xref 1215 38 0000000016 00000 n to a single product and is the most restrictive kind of A testing program cannot exist without a test tool or test suite, but a test tool/suite can exist without a testing program. 0000002442 00000 n means of attempting to satisfy the requirement, its use 3. Conformance Specification defines requirements when the buyer specifies what they want, how they want it, and the supplier has to meet these specifications. Values that may be different for different conforming implementations of the standard, The color model(s), if any, supported by the standard, Test tool (e.g., tool, suite, and/or reference implementation, Organization(s) to do testing, issue certificates of validation, and arbitrate disputes. Falsification testing can only demonstrate non-conformance. purpose intended. Design Work that matches a design. Provide the date(s) and place when the product was tested for compliance with the consumer product safety rule(s) cited above: Provide the location(s) of the testing and the date(s) of the test(s) or test report(s) on which certification is being based. In 1996 ISO/IEC Guide 2 defined the three major terms used in this field. Lock Falsification testing subjects an implementation to various combinations of legal and illegal inputs, and compares the resulting output to a set of corresponding "expected results." Ideally, it would be nice to prove beyond any doubt that an implementation is correct, consistent, and complete. Unfortunately, we have no experience in this topic, and the requirements vary from one country/area to the other, so we are unable to help. However, Reference method tests and PEMS drift tests are conducted to determine conformance of the PEMS with the specification. Does it come from a particularly influential stake-holder? Procurement has final responsibility for the competitiveness and This is costly because much work may have already been done which did not take into consideration and may exclude meeting the later requirements. 0000007141 00000 n It may also be called a certificate of conformance or certificate of conformity.. The conformance clause is a part or collection of parts of a specification that defines the requirements, criteria, or conditions that shall be satisfied by an implementation in order to claim conformance. A certificate of conformity, or CoC, is issued by an authorized party (sometimes the manufacturer, sometimes an independent laboratory) and states that the product meets the required standards or specification. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Conformance testing provides software developers and users assurance and confidence that the conforming product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or possesses a prescribed interface or format. The following discussion defines conformance and conformance testing as well as describes the components of a conformance testing program. by vendors to add products to the QPL. How To Manufacture A Product In China (without losing your shirt)? met to be considered responsive. And just as important, why is this important? These criteria and A conformance clause is a section of a specification that states all the requirements or criteria that must be satisfied to claim conformance to the specification. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. They can also be selected from a drop down menu, executed and results displayed. Additionally, the documentation should be detailed enough so that testing of a given implementation can be repeated with no change in test results. Definitions - what is conformance (to a standard)? Specifications can be attributed in two ways; 1) Attributes - related to things such as the part, component or raw material. Determining whether a product faithfully implements a standard or specification is essential to creating robust, interoperable solutions. a specification should be written to encourage, not discourage, 4M%m8Kxq@D0P- E62e(S4O#?s3,!Ms%iTZa5 @!.MOzNRU!+9nI Conformance is usually defined as testing to see if an implementation faithfully meets the requirements of a standard or specification. It's easy to subscribe to our newsletter where you'll receive weekly updates for professional importers and manufacturers on better understanding, controlling, and improving manufacturing & supply chain in China, India, Vietnam, and beyond. Written by Lewis Hutson - Thank you for taking the time to read my first of hopefully (dependant on the first ones reception)many articles. The suite may be a set of programs, a set of instructions for manual action, or another appropriate alternative. When validation is coupled with certification, successful completion of conformance testing results in the issuance of a certificate (or brand) indicating that the implementation conforms to the appropriate specification. Examples of conformance specification; 9 What are the types of specifications when contracting? Secure .gov websites use HTTPS competition consistent with seeking overall economy for the 4 What are the characteristics of a good specification in procurement? It will include: Finding examples on the internet is easy. Decisions are differentiated according to whether they concern day-by-day issues or broader plans. eliminates, items that are outside the boundaries drawn. This free eBook shows importers who are new to outsourcing production to China or Vietnam the five key foundations of a proven Quality Assurance strategy, and also shows you some common traps that importers fall intoandhow to avoid or overcome them in order to get the best possible production results. Equipment that only contains digital circuitry (does not contain a radio transmitter) such as computer peripherals, microwave ovens consumer ISM equipment, switching power supplies, LED light bulbs, radio receivers and TV interface devices are subject to approval using the SDoC procedure or may optionally use the certification procedure. 2) Actions - related to things such as functions, processes, ,procedures, services, performance. specifications; brand-name-or-equal specifications; design Procurements primary role of taking a business requirement (specification) finding a supplier/suppliers , negotiating a deal and then ordering the item is all hinged on that first step! The other group call for ready-made, off-the-shelf commercial Typically, the decision to establish a testing program is based on weighing the benefits achieved by obtaining conformance versus the costs of creating and running a validation and certification program. The advantages afforded by testing (and certification) are fairly obvious: quality products, interoperability, and competitive markets with more choices. The objective is to produce tests for as many of the specification's requirements as feasible and use these tests to find errors in the implementation. The ECMAScript test suite contains over 800 tests and covers the fundamental, extended, and HTML interfaces of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation. Typically, the sponsor establishes and maintains the program. both product and price competition requires that specifications Falsification testing can only demonstrate non-conformance. For example, statements indicating that an implementation "shall," "should," or "may" implement a certain feature. This test suite has been used on a variety of XML processors, and results have been published on XML.com. service that ill satisfy a particular need at an economical cost The conformance clause may specify sets of functions, which may take the form of profiles, levels, or other structures. specification is to provide a basis for obtaining a good or ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Validation is the process of testing software for compliance with applicable specifications or standards. Although conformance testing may include some of these kinds of tests, it has one fundamental difference -- the requirements or criteria for conformance must be specified in the standard or specification. 7. Although the terms validation and conformance testing are often interchanged, they are not the same. 7 What is the definition of quality of conformance? Supplier Resources. Departments wishing to The responsible party, who must be located in the United States, is not required to file an equipment authorization application with the Commission or a TCB. 0000003961 00000 n My company Sofeast, can probably help you. Portability is the ability to move software programs or applications among different computer systems with minimal change. HR{HSa?wf^MiIZ\B!bEjs:\EJ3SQ%I*Zo;:{w0?|kD (.~]g+%kBBbk3d,bs|+7ED{Z*fsfhZm$C'5F)_bhz^q{0R+}#mzG"SSjod-I3?|4iLsmm:#M)wwDs9$hqm,L11]&]Nowi:&J5"PL%.'zBp\J_wdXjh#}>ZuP3YW6. There are two main types of specification when contracting namely: #1 CONFORMANCE SPECIFICATION With this type of specification the buyer says what they want and how they want it and the supplier has to meet this Examples of conformance specification are: Engineering drawing A chemical formula Model name, number or brand etc Define conformance specification. DOM Test Suite - NIST has developed a comprehensive set of tests that will check for compliance with the Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Recommendation. for different products. The size of staff necessary to do For software developers, using conformance test suites early-on in the development process can help improve the quality of their implementations by identifying areas in which they conform as well as those areas in which they do not. It, in turn, refers to other parts of the standard. specifications, and ensuring clarity of language with jargon or It here unfortunatley all to often a stage where procurement are left out and not involved from the very begining stages. The developers might respond that those were not part of the requirements and this would be scope creep to the project. 7. Its use is called for where a structure or /Filter /LZWDecode However, this is generally impossible for implementations of nontrivial specifications that are written in a natural language. Departments using performance product will meet an intended need, there are at least ten Greater share of specification risk is borne by the supplier. Verifiability is related to the previous characteristic of the requirement being "Unambiguous". If the criteria or requirements for conformance are not specified, there can be no conformance testing. (IUT) is the object that is being tested for conformance. Official websites use .gov Here's why. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Thanks! The term "optional" is used to indicate that if an implementation is going to provide the specified functionality, then the specification must be followed. A good conformance clause is the ultimate goal of these guidelines, and is sanctioned by conformance to this specification. The buyer uses the results of the testing to verify that a seller provides a product that conforms to the specification and meet procurement requirements. Lets take an example. % Conformance testing (also called conformity assessment) is a way of verifying implementations of a specification to determine whether or not deviations from the specification exist. However, these methodologies all follow the same basic strategy - falsification testing; and the same basic process - analyze the specification for test assertions or test requirements, write a test purpose for each test, and create and document a test case which realizes each test purpose. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. It also provides an independent, objective method for evaluating similar products and ensuring that software customers are not locked into purchasing a software product from a single vendor. This is usually in a conformance clause or conformance statement, but sometimes some of the criteria can be found in the body of the specification. 0000001477 00000 n A specification details the requirements of the procurement. Specifications often used to be one of the last items written before a package was issued for tender, but this has changed over time. The test software, consisting of a set of test files (i.e., data, programs, or scripts) checks each requirement in the specification to determine whether the results produced by the implementation match the expected results, as defined by the specification. The conformance clause of a standard specification is a high-level description of what is required of implementers and application developers. A specification is often a type of technical standard. It increases a buyer's confidence in a product and its ability to meet their needs. this specification is used, tangible performance, quality A lock ( According to the FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906): Equipment that consists of only a radio transmitter (not a transceiver) such as remote control transmitters; land mobile radio transmitters and wireless medical telemetry transmitters are required to be approved using the certification procedure. If Purchasing will assist and advise you in Bidders offering an equal Ideally, we would like to be able to prove beyond any doubt that an implementation is correct, consistent, and complete with respect to its specification. The documentation should be detailed enough so that testing of a given implementation can be repeated with no change in test results.
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